Because they, immortal and unchanging themselves, have the power to effect change in mortals, they can and will use that power, however fickly. Phaethon, however, holds his father to his oath, and Phoebus takes him to the chariot where he rubs Phaethon's face with a sacred ointment to protect him from being burned. She was furious, and so to get revenge against Io, her rival, she put a spell of madness on the heifer. They offer Perseus the kingdom as his dowry, but he rejects any dowry but her hand. He took Io to a distant field where he could sit on a mountaintop and guard her. When Apollo discovers that Venus and Mars are having an affair together, he tells Venus's husband, Vulcan, who fashions a net of threads so fine that they are invisible. This fragility is expressed in physical terms through violence and dismemberment -- Cadmus's warrior people destroy each other at the moment of their birth; Actaeon is turned into a stag and ripped apart by his dogs; Pentheus is ripped apart by his mother and sisters. Metamorphoses literature essays are academic essays for citation. As Jove repairs the heavens and the earth, he notices Callisto, a beautiful girl from Nonacris. Most tellingly, perhaps -- especially in the context of women's sorry fates throughout Metamorphoses) -- Bacchic worship frees women to behave in a public, unrestrained manner. They treat gold as money and forge weapons of iron. Mercury bribes Battus to keep quiet, and when Battus proves untrustworthy, Mercury turns him into a stone. As revenge, Perseus carries the head of the slain Medusa over Argos, dripping her blood as he goes; everywhere her blood lands, a deadly serpent springs up. Syrinx was a chaste nymph who was often mistaken for Diana, the goddess of the hunt, because she was also a beautiful and chaste huntress. The curmudgeonly Pentheus, too, meets his death at the hands of his own family, blinded by Bacchic worship. Juno, the jealous queen of the gods, notices the mists and suspects her husband. His own mother and sister are so caught up in the ritual that they mistake him for a boar and decide to make him their sacrifice. Beginning with Apollo's unrequited love for Daphne, through Pan's for Syrinx, through Zeus' catalogue of rapes -- Io, Europa, etc. After this, one of Narcissus' disappointed suitors prays that Narcissus be loved and spurned himself. Jove decides to flood the world, which he does with Neptune's help. Jupiter’s decisions drive much of the plot of the Metamorphoses. The Question and Answer section for Metamorphoses is a great Miller, W.C. ed. These two concepts are inseparable for the Romans, who do not treat love as a matter of courtship and chivalry so much as a matter of irresistable passion. Tiresias agrees with Jove, and Juno blinds Tiresias in revenge. Unable to save her from death, Apollo annoints her body with nectar and her body changes into a fragrant tree. Acrisius is overwhelmed by the snakes and repents his view. A violent and sexual god, he floods the earth and frequently rapes young maidens. Thus he fashions an instrument. Arsippe begins with the tale of Pyramus and Thisbe, two youths in love who live next door to each other in the town of Babylon. He is going to tell the reader, how "bodies are changed into different bodies." When a mortal becomes a flower, a bat or a snake, however, you can rest assured that their never going to return to the identity they had before. While this is undoubtedly a cruel irony, it's also a lonely instance of a god giving a woman power, rather than taking power away. Fathers and mothers, mourning lost sons and daughters, become birds or trees in their grief. When he is a youth of fifteen, he comes across a nymph in his wanderings, Salmacis, who falls in love with him. Distrustful of the sunny skies where his friend was struck down, this swan chooses to remain in standing water, never taking to the sky. Jove found Io wise and kind, so he began to visit her daily. Unable to undo his promise or her request, Jove kills her with the sight of him. Later, Bacchus convinced the sailors to take him to Naxos; the sailors agreed, only to change course once at sea. Shamed and afraid, Callisto rejoins the handmaids and attempts to hide her shame. "Metamorphoses Book I - Book II Summary and Analysis". Bacchus threatens gods as well as men, upending traditional power structures. Finally, he gives in, taking his anger out in lashes on the horses. The daughters of Minyas continue to spurn the festival and worship of Bacchus; however, suddenly their weaving changes into Bacchic ivies and they hear cymbals and music. Juno was satisfied, and so she returned Io to her human form. It also transforms the earth and the sky as both are threatened by Pheobus' out-of-control chariot, and incites subtler transformations as well in Phaethon's father and mother, both of whom mourn their son tenderly. He takes his son, Aesculapius, from Coronis' womb and takes him to a prophet, Chiron's daughter Ocyrhoe, who predicts that Aesculapius will have healing powers but anger the gods. Then she predicted her father's own death, but as she finished, she realized that the Fates would let her speak no more, and as she predicted that she would be turned into a horse, she was transformed. Juno takes Argus's eyes and sets them into the tail-feathers of her symbolic bird, the peacock. Although he told her who he was, she wouldn't stop running, so he covered the earth in darkness so that she wouldn't be able to run away from him. During the day when she was allowed to graze she wandered to her father's stream and there she followed him and her sisters, but none recognized her until she scratched her name into the dirt with her hoof. She grieved so deeply that Jove begged his wife to remove the spell. First, he defines the world of the poem. Finally, in the Iron Age men become evil, greedy and dishonest. Venus gets revenge by causing Apollo to fall desperately in love with the beautiful Leucothoe. Men feast on nature's abundance. Jove, the king of the gods, heard about her and decided to go to Argos and meet this girl. The major arena where these power dynamics play is love -- or, more pointedly, lust. who is the other family that takes cares of gregor? Not affiliated with Harvard College. She sends him to seek Apollo himself in the east, and Phaethon makes his way to the palace of the sun, where bright Apollo acknowledges that he is the boy's father. -- we see women raped, changed into trees and animals, and otherwise used without consent. Out of envy Aglauros tries to stop Mercury from accessing her sister, and Aglauros is turned to stone. He stole their eye and used it to find the Gorgons' lair. Argus, intrigued by this unusual instrument, asks about its origin. Metamorphoses study guide contains a biography of Ovid, literature essays, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis. Lycaon survives as a madman, behaving like a wolf. It's also expressed in more subtle ways through the transformative power or grief, as in the frequent examples of mortals becoming trees or plants. I don't recall a second family. These papers were written primarily by students and provide critical analysis of Metamorphoses. Venus, looking on, pities the woman and her son. Indeed, in these first stories, again and again we read of a beautiful woman who wishes to live as a virgin, free from all men, but is pursued and/or raped by a god. He maligns Bacchus and asks the revelers to prove Bacchus' divinity. Distraught, Jove tells the gods that he must punish these men. Aglauros asks for a weight of gold in return, a request that Minerva overhears. When Pyramus arrives, he sees the bloody veil and, believing Thisbe dead, stabs himself. Thus, Ovid suggests, the power of love alters both parties, but without a doubt the gods are at an advantage. She asks Neptune to make them into sea-gods, and he agrees. During the wedding feast, a guest asks Perseus to tell the story of how he captured Medusa's head. Phaethon falls to earth, where he is caught by the river god Eridanus and buried in a tomb far from his homeland. He played a pipe so enchanting that Argus invited the stranger to share the shade with him. Phaethon asks to drive the sun-chariot and Apollo replies that no one but himself, not even Jove, can drive the chariot. He places it over his bed and catches Venus and Mars together during their next tryst. Some of Ino's women followed her to the cliffs and lament Juno's cruelty. Thence, Acoetes became a follower of Bacchus. One night they plan to flee the city together, agreeing to meet at the grave of Ninus. If you worshipped the gods he describes, what would your view of the world be? Ovid then demonstrate that he means "bodies" in the loosest sense: in this poem, he is going to address all kinds of transformation, from the transformation of Chaos into the Universe to literal physical transformations, to the founding and destruction of cities, the evolution of man, and even pedestrain emotional transformations. Bacchus, and otherwise used without consent notices that his lover, Coronis, on! 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