[69][70], The population became more settled in geographic terms. He appears to have improved the irrigation of the country by building tanks. The Kakatiyas also maintained marital relations with other Shudra families, such as the Kotas and the Natavadi chiefs.
A coin of Mahadeva bears the Kakatiya emblem varaha with the Yadava symbols; this varaha may have been stuck on Mahadeva's coins to mark the Kakatiya victory. It was eventually conquered by the Delhi Sultanate. Kakatiya dynasty rulers are the ones who built the Golconda fort. Variants include Kakatiya, Kakatiyya, Kakita, Kakati and Kakatya. [h] They were egalitarian in nature and promoted their subordinate warrior-chiefs who were similarly egalitarian and spurned the Kshatriya rank.
He organised the building of a massive granite wall around the city, complete with ramps designed for ease of access to its ramparts from within. Email, function geturl1()
He ruled the eastern part of Deccan, with his capital at Warangal.. Prataparudra succeeded his grandmother Rudramadevi as the Kakatiya monarch. Mentioned in Bayyaram
the Telugu people and recover Warangal from Delhi. Far East
The similarities of names mentioned in the Mangallu and Bayyaram inscriptions lists suggest that both of these refer to the same family: Historian P.V.P. The work also claims Vijayanagara to be an ally of Prataparudra, which is clearly anachronistic but served the purpose of elevating the role of the Paadmanayakas, whom it claimed to be ultimately subordinate to Vijayanagara during his time. Social and Cultural Life in Medieval Andhra, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S3XpacKY9uI, https://archive.org/stream/IHistorumQJHVol.3No.1/[I]%20HistorumQJH%20vol.%203-no.1_djvu.txt, http://www.historyfiles.co.uk/KingListsFarEast/IndiaKakatiyas.htm, Telangana Tourism, Travel, History, Culture and People. Far East
Target for 2020: £0 £250. Kafur organised a month-long siege of Orugallu that ended with success in February 1310. Historian P.V.P. Topics Covered: Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, Literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times. However, respecting the fact that Durgaraja was still his brother, he offered protection for his son (Prola's nephew). The Bayyaram tank inscription from the reign of Ganapati-deva names the family's founder as Venna, and states that he resided at Kakati, because of which his descendants came to be known as Kakatishas. [41] Sastry also believes that the early Kakatiya chiefs followed Jainism, which was also patronized by the Rashtrakutas, thus strengthening the view that the two dynasties were connected (see Religion section below). The Palanadu chiefs fight amongst themselves, so Rudradeva renders military assistance to Nalagama’s faction. It was during Prataparudra's reign, in 1163, that the Kakatiyas declared an end to their status as feudatory chiefs of the Chalukyas. Rudradeva, who ruled from AD 1158 to 1195, was the son and successor of Prola II. The Kakatiya kingdom attracted the attention of the Delhi Sultanate ruler Alauddin Khalji because of the possibility for plunder.
[4], Rudrama was married to Virabhadra, an Eastern Chalukyan prince of Nidadavolu who had been selected for that purpose by her father. [16], The Kakatiya rulers traced their ancestry to a legendary chief or ruler named Durjaya. his attention to the Kondur Telugu
The Bayyaram tank inscription calls the Kakatiya chief Beta I (son of Gunda IV) Garudamka-Beta, and "Garuda" here appears to refer to the family's emblem. [47] He is also known as Ganapathi Deva and, according to Sastry, reigned between 1199–1262; Sircar gives regnal dates of 1199–1260. He presented himself as a legitimate successor to Prataparudra, by portraying both of them as righteous monarchs, meanwhile reconstructing Prataparudra's life and career in a favourable way. [62] The structure of the Kakatiya polity disintegrated and their lands soon fell under the control of numerous families from communities such as the Reddies and Velamas. He created the man-made Pakhal Lake. a) Kakartya Gundyana. c) Eriya Rashtrakuta. He presented himself as a legitimate successor to Prataparudra, by portraying both of them as righteous monarchs, meanwhile reconstructing Prataparudra's life and career in a favourable way.
His successor, Mahadeva, dies the same way. document.location.href="http://digg.com/submit?url="+window.location.href+"&title="+window.document.title;
The 1163 Anumakonda inscription of Prataparudra I is the earliest known record that describes the Kakatiyas as a sovereign power. Inscriptions are still being discovered today but governmental agencies tend to concentrate on recording those that are already known rather than searching for new examples. This type of revisionism, which Talbot describes as "social memories" and which persist to the present day, reappeared in the 16th century with the Prataparudra Caritramu hagiography, which claimed him to be the founder of the Padmanayaka class of Telugu warriors and provided the elite of the Vijayanagara empire with what Talbot has described as a "charter of legitimacy". Therefore, Sastry dismisses Charlu's theory as untenable. Three castes( Kamma, Kapu and Yadava) are vying with each other to prove that he belongs to their own caste and castigating each other with filthiest language on earth.
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According to Sastry, this corroborates the theory that the Kakatiyas were associated with the Rashtrakuta family. The entrenched landed nobility that had existed prior to the dynasty found its power to be on the wane; the royal gifting of lands formerly in the possession of nobles to people of lesser status did much to effect this dilution. Even before the arrival of the dynasty, there were large, well-established and well-endowed Hindu places of worship in the relatively populous delta areas; however, the temples of the uplands, which were smaller and less cosmopolitan in origin and funding, did not exist until the Kakatiya period. [39] Historian P.V.P. Motupalli port was famous for foreign trade during the period of Kakatiyas. The inscription states that Erra's successor Gunda IV alias Pindi-Gunda (c. 955-995) beheaded all his enemies. , who with Polavasa Chiefs attacked Hanumakonda. The entire Telugu speaking area was under the kings who spoke Telugu and encouraged Telugu. The dramatically altered the possibilities for development in the sparsely populated dry areas. [57], In 1311, Prataparudra formed a part of the sultanate forces that attacked the Pandyan empire in the south, and he took advantage of that situation to quell some of his vassals in Nellore who had seen his reduced status as an opportunity for independence. Near East
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The first foray into the Kakatiya kingdom was made in 1303 and was a disaster due to the resistance of the Kakatiya army in the battle at Upparapalli. Kakatiya art preserved the balance between architecture and sculpture, that is, while valuing sculpture, it laid emphasis on architecture where due. Prataprudra reasserts his independence as the Khilji dynasty ends and the Tughlaqs come to power in Delhi. The 1123 Govindapuram Jain inscription of Polavasa, another family of feudatory chiefs, contains a similar account of how their ancestor Madhavavarman obtained military strength by the grace of the Jain goddess Yakshesvari. [7][b], The dynasty's name derives from the word "Kakati", which is variously thought to be the name of a goddess or a place. However, after they became sovereigns they were addressed as "deva" (Lord or deity) and "devi" (Lady or deity). Information about the Kakatiya period also comes from Sanskrit and Telugu literary works written during Kakatiya and post-Kakatiya period. Kakatiyas unified the distinct upland and lowland cultures of Telugu lands, which brought into being a feeling of cultural affinity between those who spoke the Telugu language. InstaLinks: Copyright © 1999-2020 Kessler Associates. King Lists:
Anumakonda and Gandikota among the 'giridurgas', Kandur and Narayanavanam among the 'vanadurgas', Divi and Kolanu among the 'jaladurgas', and Warangal and Dharanikota among the 'sthaladurgas' were reckoned as the most famous strongholds in the Kakatiya period. Gunda III dies fighting for his overlord, the Rashtrakuta king Krishna II (878-914), against the Eastern Chalukyas ruled by King Bhima I (892-921). costs in a day! Today, Insights is synonymous with UPSC civil services exam preparation. later emerged as a ruling dynasty, reigning in the region of Telangana, with
They sought to reconcile the Vaishnavites and the Saivites through the worship of Harihara. Historical sketches of ancient Dekhan, by K. V. Subrahmanya Aiyer. The Chalukyan style of temple architecture and decorative skill in sculpting greatly flourished and improved during their reign. Prola subdues enemy chiefs (from Chakrakuta Bhadranga Purukuta in Bastar to Konkana Mandala) for his overlord Someswara I and his son Vikramaditya VI. Gunda III was succeeded by Erra, who ruled Kurravadi near Warangal and other regions. Chronicles by Muslim authors such as Isami and Firishta describe Prataparudra's defeats against the Muslim armies.
help. Eastern Chalukyas. Reddi duplicity, recounted by Kamma historian K. Bhavaiah Choudary, was first apparent in 1323 AD at the downfall of Andhra's Kakatiya dynasty.
However, no other evidence supports this tradition. Defeated Chalukya General Govindaraja and drove him away from panaugallu rajya and restored rajya to Udaya Choda son of Gokarna Choda, chief of Kunduru. [26][44] He significantly expanded Kakatiya lands during the 1230s when he launched a series of attacks outside the dynasty's traditional Telangana region and thus brought under Kakatiya control the Telugu-speaking lowland delta areas around the Godavari and Krishna rivers. chiefs fight amongst themselves, so Rudradeva renders military assistance to Nalagama's faction. Vidyanatha wrote Prataparudra Yashobhusanam. function geturl4()
Magallu inscription was issued by Danarnava. Europe
The entrenched landed nobility that had existed prior to the dynasty found its power to be on the wane; the royal gifting of lands formerly in the possession of nobles to people of lesser status did much to effect this dilution. Supported Chalukya Vikramaditya VI in his conflict against his brother, Somesvara II. She continued the planned fortification of the capital, raising the height of Ganapati's wall as well as adding a second earthen curtain wall 1.5 miles (2.4 km) in diameter and with an additional 150 feet (46 m)-wide moat. The term "Kshatriya" in these panegyric records appears to signify the family's warrior-like qualities rather than their actual varna.
Taking advantage of a revolution in Delhi that saw the Khalji dynasty removed and Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq installed as sultan, Prataparudra again asserted his independence in 1320. Under the Kakatiya rule, the caste system was not rigid and in fact, it was not given much significance socially.